Linux Shell Program - ostype

Linux 下的 Shell 编程之获取操作系统类型。

本文列举了一些获取系统类型和版本信息的命令和方式。

uname

# macOS
$ uname
Darwin
$ uname -mrs
Darwin 20.6.0 x86_64
$ uname -a
Darwin THOMASFAN-MB1 20.6.0 Darwin Kernel Version 20.6.0: Thu Jan 20 21:02:14 PST 2022; root:xnu-7195.141.20~1/RELEASE_X86_64 x86_64

# ubuntu
$ uname
Linux
$ uname -mrs
Linux 5.13.0-1016-raspi aarch64
$ uname -a
Linux rpi4b-ubuntu 5.13.0-1016-raspi #18-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT Thu Jan 20 08:53:01 UTC 2022 aarch64 aarch64 aarch64 GNU/Linux

# raspbian
pi@raspberrypi:~$ uname
Linux

pi@raspberrypi:~$ uname -mrs
Linux 4.9.41-v7+ armv7l

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ uname -a
Linux raspberrypi 4.9.41-v7+ #1023 SMP Tue Aug 8 16:00:15 BST 2017 armv7l GNU/Linux

OSTYPE

# macOS
$ echo $OSTYPE
darwin20.0

# ubuntu
$ echo $OSTYPE
linux-gnu

# raspbian
$ echo $OSTYPE
linux-gnueabihf

/proc/version

# macOS 不存在
$ cat /proc/version
cat: /proc/version: No such file or directory
$ echo $?
1

# ubuntu
$ cat /proc/version
Linux version 5.13.0-1016-raspi (buildd@bos02-arm64-077) (gcc (Ubuntu 11.2.0-7ubuntu2) 11.2.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.37) #18-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT Thu Jan 20 08:53:01 UTC 2022

# raspbian
$ cat /proc/version
Linux version 4.9.41-v7+ (dc4@dc4-XPS13-9333) (gcc version 4.9.3 (crosstool-NG crosstool-ng-1.22.0-88-g8460611) ) #1023 SMP Tue Aug 8 16:00:15 BST 2017

/etc/issue

# macOS 不存在
$ cat /etc/issue
cat: /etc/issue: No such file or directory

# ubuntu
$ cat /etc/issue
Ubuntu 21.10 \n \l

# raspbian
$ cat /etc/issue
Raspbian GNU/Linux 9 \n \l

get_ostype

Bash: Check Operating System is Mac

[[ $OSTYPE == 'darwin'* ]] && echo 'macOS'

Detect operating system in shell script

How to detect the OS from a Bash script?

• 如何从Bash脚本中检测操作系统？
• 检测三种不同操作系统的Bash脚本

具体参考整理的脚本 get_ostype.sh。

get_ostype.sh

#!/bin/bash

# https://stackoverflow.com/a/8597411
function get_ostype_1 {
    local platform1='unknown'
    if [[ "$OSTYPE" == "linux-gnu"* ]]; then
        platform1='linux'
    elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "darwin"* ]]; then
        platform1='macos'
    elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "msys" ]]; then
        # Lightweight shell and GNU utilities compiled for Windows (part of MinGW)
        platform1='win(msys)'
    elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "cygwin" ]]; then
        # POSIX compatibility layer and Linux environment emulation for Windows
        platform1='win(cygwin)'
    elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "win32" ]]; then
        # I'm not sure this can happen.
        platform1='win32'
    elif [[ "$OSTYPE" == "freebsd"* ]]; then
        platform1='freebsd'
    fi
    echo "$platform1"
}

# https://stackoverflow.com/a/18434831
function get_ostype_2 {
    local platform2='unknown'
    case "$OSTYPE" in
    linux*)
        platform2='linux'
        ;;
    darwin*)
        platform2='macos'
        ;;
    bsd*)
        platform2='bsd'
        ;;
    solaris*)
        platform2='solaris'
        ;;
    msys*)
        platform2='win(msys)'
        ;;
    cygwin*)
        platform2='win(cygwin)'
        ;;
    *) ;;
    esac
    echo "$platform2"
}

# Detect the platform (similar to $OSTYPE)
get_ostype_3() {
    local OS="$(uname)"
    local platform3='unknown'
    case $OS in
    'Linux')
        platform3='linux'
        ;;
    'Darwin')
        platform3='macos'
        ;;
    'FreeBSD')
        platform3='freebsd'
        ;;
    'SunOS')
        platform3='solaris'
        ;;
    'WindowsNT')
        platform3='windows'
        ;;
    'AIX')
        OS='aix'
        ;;
    *) ;;
    esac
    echo "$platform3"
}

# https://stackoverflow.com/a/29239609
if_os() {
    [[ $OSTYPE == *$1* ]]
}

if_nix() {
    case "$OSTYPE" in
    *linux* | *hurd* | *msys* | *cygwin* | *sua* | *interix*) sys="gnu" ;;
    *bsd* | *darwin*) sys="bsd" ;;
    *sunos* | *solaris* | *indiana* | *illumos* | *smartos*) sys="sun" ;;
    esac
    [[ "${sys}" == "$1" ]]
}

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