Linux Command - alias

linux 下的命令 alias 简介。

alias #

alias — define or display aliases

OPERANDS         top
       The following operands shall be supported:

       alias-name
                 Write the alias definition to standard output.

       alias-name=string
                 Assign the value of string to the alias alias-name.

       If no operands are given, all alias definitions shall be written to standard output.

不带任何参数输入 alias 列举所有的关联命令。

➜  ~ type -a ls
ls is an alias for ls -G
ls is a shell function from /Users/ifan/.oh-my-zsh/custom/plugins/ls/ls.plugin.zsh
ls is /bin/ls

➜  ~ type -a ll
ll is an alias for ls -lh
ll is a shell function from /Users/ifan/.oh-my-zsh/custom/plugins/ls/ls.plugin.zsh

set#

设置关联命令：

➜  ~ alias ll='ls -lh'
➜  ~ alias ctags="`brew --prefix`/bin/ctags"
➜  ~ alias prefs='open /System/Applications/System\ Preferences.app'

.bash_aliases#

How to Create and Remove alias in Linux

考虑创建一个 ~/.bash_aliases 将常用的便捷命令收集在一起，然后在 ~/.bashrc 或 ~/.zshrc 中 source 载入。

Create Permanent aliases

To define a permanent alias we must add it in ~/.bashrc file.
Also, we can have a separate file for all aliases (~/.bash_aliases) but to make this file to work we must append the following lines at the end of the ~/.bashrc file, using any text editor:

if [ -f ~/.bash_aliases ]; then
    . ~/.bash_aliases # source
fi

Also we can use the following command to add alias without opening the ~/.bash_aliases file

echo "alias vps='ssh user@ip_address_of_the_remote_server'" >> ~/.bash_aliases

this alias can help us to connect to our vps server via a three-letter command

Here are some examples of permanent aliases that can help in daily work

alias update='sudo -- sh -c "apt update && apt upgrade"'    # update Ubuntu distro
alias netstat='netstat -tnlp'                               # set default options for netstat command
alias vnstat='vnstat -i eth0'                               # set eth0 as an interface for vnstat
alias flush_redis='redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 FLUSHDB'          # flush redis cache for wp

All created aliases will work next time we log in to via ssh or open new terminal. To apply aliases immediately we can use the following command:

source ~/.bash_aliases
# or
. ~/.bash_aliases

common-aliases#

oh-my-zsh 可以安装 lol、singlechar、common-aliases、systemadmin 插件，common-aliases.plugin.zsh 中定义了一些常用的 alias 替身命令。

可考虑在 ~/.zsh_aliases 中添加常用软件的便捷替身命令：

# vim ~/.zsh_aliases

# 每次执行删除都需要确认
alias rm='rm -i'
# tnmp指定腾讯云源
alias tnpm='npm --registry https://mirrors.tencent.com/npm/'
# 快捷打开系统偏好设置，注意空格需要转义。
alias prefs='open /System/Applications/System\ Preferences.app'
# 快捷打开Android Studio，后面可接工程目录
alias AndroidStudio='open -a /Applications/Android\ Studio.app'
# 快捷打开 GoogleChrome 浏览器
alias chrome='/Applications/Google\ Chrome.app/Contents/MacOS/Google\ Chrome'

然后在 ~/.zshrc 中引入加载 ~/.zsh_aliases，以便在zsh中快速调起相关工具/软件。

# vim ~/.zshrc

if [ -f ~/.zsh_aliases ]; then
    . ~/.zsh_aliases # source
fi

read#

查看 ll 关联的命令：

➜  ~ alias ll
ll='ls -lh'

➜  ~ alias prefs
prefs='open /System/Applications/System\ Preferences.app'

除此之外，对一个替身命令执行 which 时，也会打印其关联源信息：

➜  ~ which AndroidStudio
AndroidStudio: aliased to open -a /Applications/Android\ Studio.app

oh-my-zsh 可以安装 aliases 插件，用法如下：

acs: show all aliases by group.
acs <keyword>: filter aliases by <keyword> and highlight.

unset#

unalias

unalias alias-name...

DESCRIPTION

The unalias utility shall remove the definition for each alias name specified. See Alias Substitution . The aliases shall be removed from the current shell execution environment; see Shell Execution Environment .

unalias -a Removes All aliases

解除 ll 关联命令：

➜  ~ unalias ll

refs#

Creating bash commands and aliases